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Kupitiliza kwa chuma kufuna mafuta okhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa carbon kwachititsa kuti mpweya wa carbon dioxide (CO2) uchuluke mumlengalenga. Ngakhale atayesetsa kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide, sizikwanira kuthetsa mavuto a mpweya womwe uli kale mumlengalenga.
Choncho asayansi apanga njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito carbon dioxide yomwe ili kale mumlengalenga mwa kuisintha kukhala mamolekyu othandiza monga formic acid (HCOOH) ndi methanol. Kuchepetsa carbon dioxide pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kooneka ndi njira yodziwika bwino yosinthira zinthu zotere.
Gulu la asayansi ochokera ku Tokyo Institute of Technology, lotsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Kazuhiko Maeda, lapita patsogolo kwambiri ndipo lalemba izi mu buku lapadziko lonse la “Angewandte Chemie” la pa Meyi 8, 2023.
Iwo adapanga chimango chachitsulo-chilengedwe (MOF) chomwe chimalola kuchepetsa mpweya woipa. Ofufuzawo adapanga MOF yatsopano yokhala ndi tin (Sn) yokhala ndi formula ya mankhwala [SnII2(H3ttc)2.MeOH]n (H3ttc: trithiocyanuric acid ndi MeOH: methanol).
Ma photocatalyst a CO2 owoneka bwino kwambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala amagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zosowa kwambiri ngati zigawo zawo zazikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwa kuyamwa kwa kuwala ndi ntchito zothandizira kukhala gawo limodzi la molekyulu lopangidwa ndi zitsulo zambiri kumakhalabe vuto kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, Sn ndi woyenera chifukwa imatha kuthetsa mavuto onse awiri.
Ma MOF ndi zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zopangira zitsulo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, ndipo ma MOF akuphunziridwa ngati njira ina yobiriwira m'malo mwa ma photocatalyst achikhalidwe.
Sn ndi njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito ma photocatalyst ochokera ku MOF chifukwa imatha kugwira ntchito ngati chothandizira komanso chofufutira panthawi ya photocatalytic. Ngakhale kuti ma MOF ochokera ku lead, iron, ndi zirconium aphunziridwa kwambiri, palibe zambiri zodziwika bwino zokhudza ma MOF ochokera ku tin.
H3ttc, MeOH ndi tin chloride zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosakaniza zoyambira kukonzekera MOF KGF-10 yokhala ndi tin, ndipo ofufuzawo adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. imagwira ntchito ngati wopereka ma elekitironi komanso gwero la hydrogen.
Kenako KGF-10 yomwe yatuluka imayesedwa njira zosiyanasiyana. Anapeza kuti chipangizocho chili ndi bandgap ya 2.5 eV, chimayamwa mafunde a kuwala kooneka, ndipo chili ndi mphamvu yokwanira yoyamwa carbon dioxide.
Asayansi atamvetsetsa momwe zinthu zatsopanozi zimagwirira ntchito, anazigwiritsa ntchito pochepetsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide pamene kuwala kukuwoneka. Anapeza kuti KGF-10 imatha kusintha CO2 kukhala yofanana ndi (HCOO–) bwino komanso mosankha popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zowonjezera mphamvu ya kuwala kapena ma catalyst.
Ilinso ndi mbiri yodziwika bwino ya kuchuluka kwa ma quantum (chiŵerengero cha ma elekitironi omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kuyankha kwa chiwerengero chonse cha ma photon ochitika) cha 9.8% pa kutalika kwa mafunde a 400 nm. Kuphatikiza apo, kusanthula kwa kapangidwe kake komwe kunachitika panthawi yonse ya kuyankhako kunawonetsa kuti KGF-10 idasinthidwa kapangidwe kake komwe kudathandizira kuchepetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kafukufukuyu akupereka koyamba photocatalyst yothandiza kwambiri, yokhala ndi gawo limodzi, komanso yamtengo wapatali yopanda chitsulo kuti ifulumizitse kusintha kwa carbon dioxide kuti ipange. Kapangidwe kabwino ka KGF-10 komwe kapezeka ndi gululi kamatsegula mwayi watsopano wogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati photocatalyst m'njira monga kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO2 pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Pulofesa Maeda anamaliza ndi kuti: “Zotsatira zathu zikusonyeza kuti ma MOF akhoza kukhala ngati nsanja yogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo zopanda poizoni, zotsika mtengo, komanso zolemera padziko lapansi kuti apange ntchito zabwino kwambiri zowunikira kuwala zomwe nthawi zambiri sizingatheke pogwiritsa ntchito ma molecular metal complexes.”
Kamakura Y et al (2023) Mafelemu achitsulo ndi zachilengedwe okhala ndi Tin(II) amathandiza kuchepetsa bwino komanso kusankha kwa carbon dioxide kuti ipangidwe pansi pa kuwala kooneka. Applied Chemistry, International Edition. doi:10.1002/ani.202305923
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