Kawanishi, Japan, Novembala 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Mavuto azachilengedwe monga kusintha kwa nyengo, kuchepa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kutha kwa mitundu ya zomera, kuipitsa pulasitiki ndi kudula mitengo zikuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi (CO2) ndi mpweya woipa womwe umayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yotchedwa "photosynthesis yopangira (CO2 photoreduction)" imatha kupanga chakudya chachilengedwe cha mafuta ndi mankhwala ochokera ku CO2, madzi ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, monga momwe zomera zimachitira. Nthawi yomweyo, amachepetsanso mpweya wa CO2, popeza CO2 imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chapadera popanga mphamvu ndi zinthu zamankhwala. Chifukwa chake, photosynthesis yopangira imaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwaukadaulo waposachedwa kwambiri wobiriwira.
Ma MOF (Metal Organic Frameworks) ndi zinthu zokhala ndi mapopo ambiri zopangidwa ndi magulu a zitsulo zosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zolumikizira zachilengedwe. Zitha kulamulidwa pamlingo wa mamolekyulu mu nanometer range ndipo zimakhala ndi malo akuluakulu pamwamba. Chifukwa cha izi, ma MOF amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mpweya, kulekanitsa, kulowetsa zitsulo, kugawa mankhwala, kutumiza mankhwala, kuchiza madzi, masensa, ma electrode, zosefera, ndi zina zotero. Posachedwapa, ma MOF apezeka kuti ali ndi mphamvu yogwira CO2 yomwe imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi CO2, kutanthauza, photosynthesis yochita kupanga.
Kumbali inayi, madontho a quantum ndi zinthu zopyapyala kwambiri (0.5–9 nm) zomwe mawonekedwe ake amatsatira malamulo a quantum chemistry ndi quantum mechanics. Amatchedwa "maatomu opangidwa kapena mamolekyulu opangidwa" chifukwa dothi lililonse la quantum limakhala ndi maatomu kapena mamolekyu ochepa kapena zikwi zochepa chabe. Mu kukula kumeneku, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya ma elekitironi sikupitirirabe ndipo kumalekanitsidwa chifukwa cha chochitika chakuthupi chodziwika kuti quantum confinement effect. Pankhaniyi, kutalika kwa kuwala komwe kumatulutsidwa kudzadalira kukula kwa madontho a quantum. Madontho a quantum awa angagwiritsidwenso ntchito mu photosynthesis yopangidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yawo yayikulu yoyamwa kuwala, kuthekera kopanga exciton yambiri komanso malo akuluakulu.
Ma MOF ndi ma quantum dots onse apangidwa pansi pa Green Science Alliance. Kale, adagwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu za MOF quantum dot composite kuti apange formic acid ngati chothandizira chapadera cha photosynthesis yopangidwa. Komabe, ma catalyst awa ali mu mawonekedwe a ufa ndipo ufa wa catalyst uwu uyenera kusonkhanitsidwa powasefa munjira iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, popeza njirazi sizipitirira, zimakhala zovuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale.
Poyankha, a Tetsuro Kajino, a Hirohisa Iwabayashi, ndi a Dr. Ryohei Mori a Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. adagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wawo kuti alepheretse kupanga zinthu zapadera zopangira photosynthesis pamapepala otsika mtengo a nsalu ndipo adapanga njira yatsopano yopangira formic acid. yomwe ingagwire ntchito mosalekeza m'mafakitale. Pambuyo pomaliza kupanga photosynthesis, madzi okhala ndi formic acid amatha kutengedwa kuti akachotsedwe, ndipo madzi atsopano amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku chidebe kuti apitirize kupanga photosynthesis.
Asidi wa formic amatha kulowa m'malo mwa mafuta a haidrojeni. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zoletsera kufalikira kwa gulu la haidrojeni padziko lonse lapansi ndikuti haidrojeni ndiye atomu yaying'ono kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, kotero zimakhala zovuta kuisunga, ndipo kupanga thanki ya haidrojeni yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotsekera kudzakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya wa haidrojeni ukhoza kuphulika ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chachitetezo. Popeza asidi wa formic ndi wamadzimadzi, ndikosavuta kusunga ngati mafuta. Ngati pakufunika kutero, asidi wa formic angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambitsa kupanga haidrojeni mu situ. Kuphatikiza apo, asidi wa formic angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zopangira mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya photosynthesis yopangidwa ikadali yotsika, Green Science Alliance ipitilizabe kulimbana ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu kuti ikhazikitse ntchito zothandiza pa photosynthesis yopangidwa.