Nkhaniyi yawunikidwanso mogwirizana ndi njira ndi mfundo za Science X zolembera nkhani. Olemba nkhani agogomezera makhalidwe otsatirawa pamene akutsimikizira kuti nkhaniyo ndi yoona:
Kusintha kwa nyengo ndi vuto la chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa mafuta. Amapanga mpweya wa carbon dioxide (CO2), womwe umawonjezera kutentha kwa dziko lapansi. Chifukwa cha izi, maboma padziko lonse lapansi akupanga mfundo zochepetsera kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon. Komabe, kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide sikungakhale kokwanira. Kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide kuyeneranso kulamulidwa. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Pachifukwa ichi, asayansi amalimbikitsa kusintha kwa carbon dioxide kukhala mankhwala owonjezera monga methanol ndi formic acid (HCOOH). Kuti apange chomalizachi, pamafunika gwero la ma hydride ions (H-), omwe ndi ofanana ndi proton imodzi ndi ma electron awiri. Mwachitsanzo, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) yomwe imachepetsa-kusungunuka kwa okosijeni ndi jenereta komanso chosungira cha hydride (H-) m'machitidwe a zamoyo.
Poganizira izi, gulu la ofufuza lotsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Hitoshi Tamiaki wochokera ku Ritsumeikan University, Japan, adapanga njira yatsopano ya mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito ma NAD+/NADH complexes ofanana ndi ruthenium kuti achepetse CO2 kukhala HCOOH. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wawo zidasindikizidwa mu magazini ya ChemSusChem pa Januware 13, 2023.
Pulofesa Tamiaki akufotokoza chifukwa chake adafufuza. "Posachedwapa zawonetsedwa kuti ruthenium complex yokhala ndi mtundu wa NAD+, [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)](PF6)2, imachepetsedwa ndi ma elekitironi awiri. Izi zidapangitsa kuti NADH type complex yofanana [Ru (bpy) )2 (pbnHH)](PF6)2 ikhalepo pamaso pa triethanolamine mu acetonitrile (CH3CN) pansi pa kuwala kooneka," adatero.
"Kuphatikiza apo, kutsanulira CO2 mu yankho la [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ kumabwezeretsanso [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+ ndikupanga ma ion a formate (HCOO-). Komabe, liwiro lake lopanga ndi lotsika kwambiri. Ndi lalifupi. Chifukwa chake, kusintha H- kukhala CO2 kumafuna njira yabwino yopangira zinthu."
Chifukwa chake, ofufuza afufuza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide. Kutengera ndi zoyeserera izi, adapereka lingaliro lochepetsa ma elekitironi awiri omwe amapangidwa ndi kuwala kwa redox pair [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+/[Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ pamaso pa 1, 3-. Dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH). Kuphatikiza apo, madzi (H2O) mu CH3CN m'malo mwa triethanolamine adakulitsanso kuchuluka kwa zokolola.

Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuzawo adafufuzanso njira zomwe zingatheke zochitira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga nuclear magnetic resonance, cyclic voltammetry ndi UV-visible spectrophotometry. Kutengera izi, adaganiza kuti: Choyamba, pambuyo pa photoexcitation ya [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+, free radical [RuIII(bpy)2(pbn•-)]2+* imapangidwa, yomwe imachepetsedwa motere: BIH Get [RuII(bpy)2(pbn•-)]2+ ndi BIH•+. Pambuyo pake, H2O imapanga ruthenium complex kuti ipange [Ru(bpy)2(pbnH•)]2+ ndi BI•. Chotsatiracho chimagawika kuti chipange [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ ndipo chimabwerera ku [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+. Choyamba chimachepetsedwa ndi BI• kuti chipange [Ru(bpy)(bpy•−)(pbnHH)]+. Chomera ichi ndi chothandizira chomwe chimasintha H- kukhala CO2, ndikupanga HCOO- ndi formic acid.
Ofufuzawo adawonetsa kuti zomwe zaperekedwazo zili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha kusintha (chiwerengero cha ma mole a carbon dioxide omwe amasinthidwa ndi mole imodzi ya catalyst) - 63.
Ofufuzawa akusangalala ndi zomwe apezazi ndipo akuyembekeza kupanga njira yatsopano yosinthira mphamvu (kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya mankhwala) kuti apange zinthu zatsopano zongowonjezedwanso.
"Njira yathu idzachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide padziko lapansi ndikuthandizira kusunga kayendedwe ka carbon. Chifukwa chake, ikhoza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi mtsogolo," Pulofesa Tamiaki adawonjezera. "Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo watsopano wonyamula ma hydride achilengedwe udzatipatsa mankhwala ofunika kwambiri."
Zambiri: Yusuke Kinoshita et al., Kusamutsa kwa hydride yachilengedwe yopangidwa ndi kuwala kupita ku CO2** komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi ma ruthenium complexes monga zitsanzo za ma NAD+/NADH redox couples, ChemSusChem (2023). DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300032

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