KAWANISH, Japan, Novembala 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Mavuto azachilengedwe monga kusintha kwa nyengo, kuchepa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kutha kwa mitundu ya zomera, kuipitsa kwa pulasitiki ndi kudula mitengo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi akuchulukirachulukira.
Mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi (CO2) ndi mpweya woipa womwe umayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yotchedwa "photosynthesis yopangira (kuchepetsa mpweya wa kaboni dayokisaidi)" imatha kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe zopangira mafuta ndi mankhwala ochokera ku kaboni dayokisaidi, madzi ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, monga momwe zomera zimachitira. Nthawi yomweyo, amachepetsa mpweya wa CO2, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya champhamvu komanso mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, photosynthesis yopangira imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa njira zamakono zobiriwira zapamwamba kwambiri.
Ma MOF (mafelemu achitsulo-organic) ndi zinthu zopanda madzi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magulu a zitsulo zopanda zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zolumikizira zachilengedwe. Zitha kulamulidwa pamlingo wa mamolekyulu mu nano range yokhala ndi malo akuluakulu pamwamba. Chifukwa cha izi, ma MOF amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mpweya, kulekanitsa, kulowetsedwa kwa zitsulo, kuyeretsa, kutumiza mankhwala, kuchiza madzi, masensa, ma electrode, zosefera, ndi zina zotero. Ma MOF apezeka posachedwapa kuti ali ndi mphamvu yogwira CO2, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe kudzera mu CO2 photoreduction, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti artificial photosynthesis.
Koma madontho a quantum, ndi zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri (0.5–9 nanometers) zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zowunikira zomwe zimatsatira malamulo a quantum chemistry ndi quantum mechanics. Amatchedwa "maatomu opanga kapena mamolekyulu opanga" chifukwa dothi lililonse la quantum limakhala ndi maatomu kapena mamolekyu ochepa kapena zikwizikwi. Mu kukula kumeneku, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu za ma elekitironi sikupitirirabe ndipo kumalekanitsidwa chifukwa cha chochitika chakuthupi chodziwika kuti quantum confinement effect. Pankhaniyi, kutalika kwa kuwala komwe kumatulutsidwa kudzadalira kukula kwa dothi la quantum. Madontho a quantum awa angagwiritsidwenso ntchito mu photosynthesis yopanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yawo yayikulu yoyamwa kuwala, kuthekera kopanga exciton yambiri komanso malo akuluakulu.
Ma MOF ndi ma quantum dots onse apangidwa ndi Green Science Alliance. Kale, adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ma MOF-quantum dot composites kuti apange formic acid ngati chothandizira chapadera cha photosynthesis yopangidwa. Komabe, ma catalyst awa ali mu mawonekedwe a ufa ndipo ufa wa catalyst uwu uyenera kusonkhanitsidwa powusefa munjira iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, zimakhala zovuta kuugwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale enieni chifukwa njira izi sizipitirira.
Poyankha, a Kajino Tetsuro, a Iwabayashi Hirohisa, ndi a Dr. Mori Ryohei a Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. adagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wawo kuti alepheretse kupanga zinthu zopangira photosynthesis pa nsalu yotsika mtengo ndipo adatsegula chomera chatsopano cha formic acid. Njirayi ikhoza kuyendetsedwa mosalekeza kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale. Pambuyo pomaliza kupanga photosynthesis, madzi okhala ndi formic acid amatha kuchotsedwa ndikuchotsedwa, kenako madzi atsopano amatha kuwonjezeredwa mu chidebe kuti apitirize kuyambitsanso kupanga photosynthesis.
Asidi wa formic amatha kulowa m'malo mwa mafuta a haidrojeni. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zikulepheretsa kuti dziko lonse lapansi likhale ndi hydrogen ndichakuti hydrogen, atomu yaying'ono kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, ndi yovuta kusunga, ndipo zingakhale zodula kwambiri kupanga chosungira cha haidrojeni chotsekedwa bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya wa haidrojeni ukhoza kuphulika ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chachitetezo. N'zosavuta kusunga ma formic acid ngati mafuta chifukwa ndi amadzimadzi. Ngati pakufunika kutero, formic acid imatha kuyambitsa zomwe zimachitika kuti ipange hydrogen in situ. Kuphatikiza apo, formic acid ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zopangira mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya photosynthesis yopangidwa ikadali yotsika kwambiri pakadali pano, Green Science Alliance ipitilizabe kulimbana kuti iwonjezere mphamvu ndikuyambitsa photosynthesis yopangidwadi.