Bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) likupereka lingaliro loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri dichloromethane (methylene chloride) motsatira Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), yomwe imayang'anira mfundo za mankhwala ku US. Dichloromethane ndi chinthu chosungunuka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma laboratories monga zomatira, zotsekera, zochotsera mafuta ndi zothina utoto. Ndi chinthu chachiwiri chomwe chimayang'aniridwa motsatira njira yosinthidwa ya Tsca, yomwe idapangidwa mu 2016, pambuyo pa asbestos chaka chatha.
Pempho la EPA likufuna kuletsa kupanga, kukonza ndi kufalitsa dichloromethane pa ntchito zonse za ogula, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi mabizinesi ambiri, komanso kuwongolera mwamphamvu ntchito zina kuntchito.
Kugwiritsa ntchito methylene chloride m'ma laboratories kudzayendetsedwa ndi pulogalamuyi ndipo kudzayendetsedwa ndi dongosolo loteteza mankhwala kuntchito, osati lamulo loletsa. Dongosololi limachepetsa kukhudzana ndi ntchito pa avareji ya magawo awiri pa miliyoni (ppm) kwa maola 8 ndi 16 ppm kwa mphindi 15.
Chiganizo Chatsopano cha EPA Chidzaika Malire Atsopano pa Kuchuluka kwa Dichloromethane mu Ma Laboratories
Bungwe Loona za Chitetezo cha Zachilengedwe lapeza chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa pa thanzi la anthu chifukwa chopuma mpweya ndi methylene chloride pakhungu, kuphatikizapo poizoni wa mitsempha ndi zotsatirapo zake pa chiwindi. Bungweli lapezanso kuti kupuma mpweya kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukumana ndi mankhwalawo pakhungu kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa.
Polengeza zomwe bungweli lapereka pa Epulo 20, Woyang'anira EPA, Michael Regan, anati: "Sayansi yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa methylene chloride ndi yomveka bwino ndipo zotsatira zake zingayambitse mavuto aakulu pa thanzi komanso imfa. Anthu ambiri ataya okondedwa awo chifukwa cha poizoni woopsa." banja.
Kuyambira mu 1980, anthu osachepera 85 afa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito methylene chloride mwachangu, malinga ndi EPA. Ambiri mwa iwo anali akatswiri okonza nyumba, ena mwa iwo anali ophunzitsidwa bwino komanso ovala zida zodzitetezera. Bungweli linanena kuti anthu ambiri "akukumana ndi mavuto aakulu komanso a nthawi yayitali pa thanzi lawo, kuphatikizapo mitundu ina ya khansa."
Mu ulamuliro wa Obama, bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency linapeza kuti zotsukira utoto zopangidwa ndi methylene chloride zinali "chiwopsezo chosamveka bwino cha kuvulaza thanzi." Mu 2019, bungweli linaletsa kugulitsa zinthu zotere kwa ogula, koma linaimbidwa mlandu ndi oimira zaumoyo wa anthu omwe anati malamulowo sanapite patali mokwanira ndipo njira zolimba ziyenera kutengedwa msanga.
Bungwe la EPA likuyembekeza kuti kusintha kwakukulu komwe likukonza kudzachitika mokwanira mkati mwa miyezi 15 ndipo kudzakhala kuletsa kwa 52 peresenti kupanga kwa TSCA pachaka. Bungweli linati pakugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri dichloromethane, likupereka lingaliro loletsa, zinthu zina nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamtengo womwewo.
Koma bungwe la American Chemical Council (ACC), lomwe limayimira makampani opanga mankhwala aku US, nthawi yomweyo linatsutsa EPA, ponena kuti methylene chloride ndi "chofunikira kwambiri" chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri zogulira.
Poyankha mawu a EPA, gulu la makampaniwa linanena nkhawa kuti izi "zingayambitse kusatsimikizika ndi chisokonezo pa malamulo" ku malire omwe alipo a US Occupational Safety and Health Administration okhudza methylene chloride. ACC ikugogomezera kuti EPA "siinatsimikizire kuti ndikofunikira" kukhazikitsa malire ena owonjezera pa ntchito kwa omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale.
Bungwe loyang'anira milandu la ACC linanenanso kuti bungwe la EPA silinayang'ane mokwanira momwe malingaliro ake amakhudzira unyolo wogulitsa. "Kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kupanga mwachangu kumeneku kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa unyolo wogulitsa ngati opanga ali ndi maudindo omwe ayenera kutsatira, kapena ngati opanga asankha kuyimitsa kupanga konse," ACC idachenjeza.
EPA ikulimbikitsa kuletsa kwa nthawi yayitali zinthu zomwe anthu amagula koma ikulola kuti anthu apitirize kugwiritsa ntchito malonda
Kusintha kwa lamulo loletsa poizoni, lomwe limayang'anira malamulo okhudza mankhwala ku United States, komwe kwakhala kukuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kwayamba kugwira ntchito.
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© Royal Society of Chemistry document.write(new Date().getFullYear()); Nambala yolembetsa ya bungwe lothandiza anthu: 207890