Pa Meyi 3, 2023, EPA idasindikiza lamulo lomwe lidaperekedwa mu Federal Register loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri methylene chloride.
, ndipo dichloromethane ndi mankhwala achiwiri omwe chiopsezo chake chimayendetsedwa motsatira njira yokonzanso yomwe idapangidwa ndi Frank R. Lautenberg. Lamulo la Chitetezo cha Mankhwala la Zaka za m'ma 2016 la 21st Century. Chaka chatha, bungweli lidapereka njira zotetezera anthu ku asbestos.
Dichloromethane imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ogula monga zotsukira mafuta ndi zotsukira maburashi pa utoto ndi zokutira, kugwiritsa ntchito kwamalonda monga zomatira ndi zotsekera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa mafakitale popanga mankhwala ena. Mwachitsanzo, dichloromethane imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala pakati pa kupanga ma hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) 32, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafiriji osakanikirana omwe adapangidwa kuti alowe m'malo mwa zinthu zomwe zimatha kutentha kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Odwala osachepera 85 afa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito methylene chloride kuyambira mu 1980, malinga ndi bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency, ambiri mwa iwo ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza nyumba, ngakhale ataphunzitsidwa bwino komanso kukhala ndi zida zodzitetezera.
Tanthauzo la bungweli la chiopsezo cha dichloromethane ndi losamveka bwino ndipo limachokera ku zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito, akatswiri osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo (antchito omwe ali pafupi koma osakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi mankhwalawo), ogula ndi omwe ali pafupi ndi ogula. Bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency lapeza chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa pa thanzi la anthu chifukwa chopuma mpweya komanso kuwonetsedwa pakhungu ndi methylene chloride, kuphatikizapo poizoni wa mitsempha, zotsatira pa chiwindi, ndi khansa.
Malamulo oyendetsera zoopsa omwe akuperekedwawa achepetsa mofulumira kupanga, kukonza ndi kufalitsa methylene chloride pazinthu zonse zomwe ogula amagwiritsa ntchito komanso ntchito zambiri zamafakitale ndi zamalonda, zomwe zambiri zidzakwaniritsidwa mkati mwa miyezi 15. Kusanthulaku kunawonetsa kuti pazinthu zambiri zomwe methylene chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe EPA yapereka kuti ziletse, zinthu zina nthawi zambiri zimapezeka zomwe zimakhala ndi mtengo komanso mphamvu zofanana ndi zomwe methylene chloride imagwiritsa ntchito.
"Umboni wa sayansi wa methylene chloride ndi womveka bwino, ndipo kukhudzana ndi methylene chloride kungayambitse mavuto aakulu pa thanzi, ngakhale imfa, kwa anthu ambiri," mkulu wa EPA Michael S. Regan adatero mu lipoti lochokera ku bungweli. "Ndicho chifukwa chake EPA ikuchitapo kanthu kuti ilimbikitse kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiriwa, komanso kuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito ndikuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ena onse mwa kuyambitsa njira zowongolera zovuta kuntchito. Kuletsa kumeneku kwakale kukuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu komwe tapanga pakukhazikitsa njira zatsopano zotetezera mankhwala ndikutenga njira zomwe takhala tikuziyembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali kuti titeteze bwino thanzi la anthu."
"Pa kupanga mafakitale, kukonza mafakitale, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito boma komwe EPA siikulimbikitsa kuletsa, EPA imapereka pulogalamu yoteteza mankhwala kuntchito yomwe imaphatikizapo malire okhwima okhudzidwa kuti ateteze bwino ogwira ntchito," idatero m'mawu ake. ikhoza kukwaniritsa kale malire okhwima okhudzidwa ndi methylene chloride. Zofunikira izi zilola methylene chloride kupitiliza kukonzedwa kuti ipange mankhwala omwe ndi ofunikira polimbana ndi kutentha kwa dziko. Mafiriji ndi mankhwala ena omwe sawononga nyengo amachita gawo lofunikira polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. , ndipo lamulo lomwe EPA ikuvomereza likuthandiza kuyesetsa kwina kuchepetsa utsi woipa."
Kuphatikiza apo, EPA ikulangiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito dichloromethane komwe NASA, DOD ndi FAA zimafunikira kupitiliza kulamulidwa bwino kuntchito, chifukwa kuwonetsedwa kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri iyi, potero kuchepetsa chiopsezo kwa ogwira ntchito.
“Ziletso ndi zoletsa zomwe zikuperekedwazi zidzatetezanso anthu kuti asakumane ndi methylene chloride,” adatero chikalatacho. “Pogwiritsa ntchito zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi za deta yokhudzana ndi poizoni, EPA yazindikira malo ochepa omwe angakhale pachiwopsezo kumadera okhala ndi mipanda. Kuletsa kumeneku mu lamulo lomwe likuperekedwa ndi EPA kudzakhudza kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito methylene chloride m'malo ambiri otere, ndikuchotsa chiopsezo kumadera oyandikana nawo.”
Ndemanga pa lamulo lomwe likuperekedwali zidzalandiridwa kudzera mu Federal Electronic Rulemaking Portal, nambala ya fayilo EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465, tsiku lomaliza lomaliza ndi Julayi 3, 2023.
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Wothandizira: Magolovesi Apamwamba Mosadabwitsa, kuvulala kwa kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka ndi kuponderezedwa ndi kuvulala kofala kwambiri m'mafakitale ndipo kungayambitse kuvulala kosiyanasiyana kwa manja. Chinthu chikagunda kapena kufinya dzanja, mphamvu imasamutsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku chinthucho kupita ku dzanja ndipo ikhoza kuvulaza. Izi zimatchedwa kuwonongeka kwa kugwedezeka. Kuyambira kukanda pang'ono mpaka mafupa osweka, kusweka kapena kuvulala, ogwira ntchito amafunika chitetezo choyenera kuti manja awo akhale otetezeka kuntchito. Kuti mudziwe zambiri!
Cholinga cha EHS On Tap ndikupereka chidziwitso chomveka bwino, choyenera komanso chothandiza mu podcast pamitu yosangalatsa kwa akatswiri a EHS kudzera mu kuyankhulana kosangalatsa komanso kothandiza ndi akatswiri ndi atsogoleri a malingaliro. Mverani zomwe zili zatsopano ndikulembetsa!