Ofufuza ochokera ku Chalmers University of Technology apereka njira yatsopano komanso yothandiza yobwezeretsanso zitsulo kuchokera ku mabatire amagetsi. Njirayi imabweza aluminiyamu 100% ndi 98% ya lithiamu kuchokera ku mabatire a EV ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimachepetsa kutayika kwa zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga nickel, cobalt ndi manganese. Njirayi siifuna mankhwala okwera mtengo kapena owopsa chifukwa ofufuzawo adagwiritsa ntchito oxalic acid, asidi yomwe imapezekanso m'mafakitale.
Mpaka pano, palibe amene wapeza zinthu zoyenera kulekanitsa kuchuluka kwa lithiamu pogwiritsa ntchito oxalic acid ndikuchotsa aluminiyamu yonse. Leah Rouquette, wophunzira wa PhD mu Dipatimenti ya Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology, anati popeza mabatire onse ali ndi aluminiyamu, tiyenera kutha kuwachotsa popanda kutaya zitsulo zina.
Ku Laboratory Yobwezeretsanso Mabatire ku Chalmers University of Technology, Leah Rouquette ndi mtsogoleri wa kafukufuku Martina Petranikova adawonetsa momwe njira yatsopanoyi imagwirira ntchito. Laboratory inali ndi mabatire agalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mu chivundikiro cha fume munali zinthu zophwanyika monga ufa wakuda wophwanyika bwino wosungunuka mumadzi omveka bwino - oxalic acid. Leah Rouquette amagwiritsa ntchito chomwe chimawoneka ngati chosakaniza kukhitchini kusakaniza zakumwa ndi ufa. Ngakhale zikuwoneka zosavuta ngati akupanga khofi, njira yapaderayi ndi yapadera komanso yodziwika bwino yasayansi yomwe yafalitsidwa posachedwapa. Mwa kusintha kutentha, kusamala ndi nthawi, ofufuzawo adapanga njira yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito oxalic acid, chosakaniza chosawononga chilengedwe chomwe chimapezekanso muzomera monga rhubarb ndi sipinachi.
Njira zina zosinthira mankhwala osapangidwa masiku ano ndizofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, chimodzi mwa zopinga zazikulu pakupanga zinthu zamakono ndikuchotsa zinthu zotsalira monga aluminiyamu. Martina Petranikova, Pulofesa Wothandizira mu Dipatimenti ya Chemistry ndi Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology, adati ndi njira yatsopano yomwe ingapereke njira zina zatsopano zobwezeretsanso zinthu ndikuthandizira kuthetsa mavuto omwe akulepheretsa chitukuko.
Njira zopangira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito madzi zimatchedwa hydrometallurgy. Mu hydrometallurgy yachikhalidwe, "zodetsa" zochokera ku zinthu monga aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa zimachotsedwa kaye, kenako zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga lithiamu, cobalt, nickel ndi manganese zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ngakhale kuti pali aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa wochepa wokha womwe umatsala, magawo angapo oyeretsera amafunika, ndipo gawo lililonse la njirayi limabweretsa kutuluka kwa madzi. Mu njira yatsopanoyi, ofufuzawo adasintha kudula ndipo choyamba adalekanitsa lithiamu ndi aluminiyamu. Mwanjira imeneyi, amatha kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zofunika popanga mabatire atsopano.
Ngakhale theka lachiwiri la ndondomekoyi—kusefa chisakanizo chakuda—kumakumbutsa za kupanga khofi. Ngakhale aluminiyamu ndi lithiamu zimalowa mumadzimadzi, zitsulo zina zimatsalira mu “sump.” Gawo lotsatira mu ndondomekoyi ndikulekanitsa aluminiyamu ndi lithiamu.
“Popeza zitsulozi zili ndi makhalidwe osiyana kwambiri, tikukhulupirira kuti kuzilekanitsa sikudzakhala kovuta. Njira yathu yatsopanoyi ikutsegula njira yatsopano yodalirika yobwezeretsanso mabatire yomwe tili ndi chilimbikitso chofufuza zambiri,” akutero Leah Rouquette. “Popeza njirayi ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pamlingo waukulu, tikukhulupirira kuti idzakhala yothandiza m'mafakitale m'zaka zikubwerazi,” akutero Martina Petranikova.
Gulu lofufuza la Martina Petranikova lakhala likuchita kafukufuku wotsogola pankhani yobwezeretsanso zitsulo m'mabatire a lithiamu-ion kwa zaka zambiri. Gululi limagwirizana ndi makampani omwe akugwira ntchito yobwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi ndipo ndi mnzake m'mapulojekiti akuluakulu a kafukufuku ndi chitukuko monga Volvo Cars ndi pulojekiti ya Northvolt ya Nybat.
Zambiri zokhudza kafukufukuyu: Nkhani ya sayansi yakuti “Kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa lithiamu kuchokera ku mabatire amagetsi a lithiamu-ion: kupanga chitsanzo ndi kukonza bwino pogwiritsa ntchito oxalic acid ngati lixiviant” inasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Separation and Purification Technology. Kafukufukuyu adachitika ndi Leah Rouquette, Martina Petranikova ndi Natalia Vieceli ochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology. Kafukufukuyu adathandizidwa ndi Swedish Energy Agency, Swedish Battery Base ndi Vinnova, ndipo zoyesererazo zidachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mabatire amagetsi a Volvo Cars omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kale omwe adakonzedwa ndi Stena Recycling ndi Akkuser Oy.
Timafalitsa nkhani zambiri za alendo ochokera kwa akatswiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Iyi ndi nkhani yathu ya anthu apadera, mabungwe, mabungwe ndi makampani awa.
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